Island Updates

Aquaculture Education Extends Hurricane’s Community

When I began working for Hurricane Island last summer, one of the first things I noticed was the strong sense of community on the island. The returning staff members made every effort to make us feel welcome from day one, cheering as we arrived at the dock, and holding hands to share a quote during Dinner Circle. I quickly learned how I could be a part of the community and help others feel welcome as they joined us on Hurricane.

My first impressions of community grew a couple weeks later, as I led my first week of programming with Middle School Marine Ecology. I remember reflecting that our whole community of staff came together to deliver the program, and that’s how it is for many programs on Hurricane: lobstering with Oakley, measuring scallops with Bailey and Jessie, rock climbing with Sam, and learning from Jenn about her graduate school research on crabs.

Vinalhaven students team up for a challenge on Hurricane Island.

Vinalhaven students team up for a challenge on Hurricane Island.

What I did not realize last season was the extent to which the Hurricane Island community extends beyond the physical island. When I started working for Hurricane in a year-round capacity this winter, I recognized ways that Hurricane is a part of broader communities, from providing aquaculture education for teachers with Island Institute and Herring Gut Learning Center, to reaching families at the statewide Maine Science Festival.

This year, I was lucky to be involved one of the collaborations, as Hurricane participated in a year-long community partnership focusing on scallop aquaculture education. We teamed up with Vinalhaven Land Trust, Vinalhaven Fisherman’s Co-op, and Vinalhaven School to provide monthly in-school programming for Vinalhaven students, before field trips to Hurricane at the end of the year.

As Hurricane’s year-round Science Educator, I enjoyed developing the curriculum and going into the school each month, working with Vinalhaven teachers to meet the learning goals of each class. The teachers prepared students before each visit and often continued instruction in subsequent class days, maximizing continuity and integrating scallop aquaculture into the science classes all year.

The project involved bringing juvenile scallops to the classrooms, so students could measure and monitor scallop growth. During the year, these scallops were generously housed at Vinalhaven Fisherman’s Co-op, growing in a lantern net off the dock.

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Stretch this lantern net vertically to make room for baby scallops!

Vinalhaven Land Trust was instrumental, supporting the project both financially and logistically. Land Trust staff and volunteers not only transported Hurricane staff members between the ferry and the school, they also transported the baby scallops from the Co-op to school each month, and cleaned the lantern nets as they accumulated excess algal growth.

The year-long program culminated in field trips to Hurricane. Students visited our aquaculture site and compared our local conditions to those at the Co-op. They also synthesized growth data from the Vinalhaven scallops and the Hurricane scallops which our research team has measured each month. Finally, a trip to Hurricane is not complete without some island hikes!

Middle school students hike through "The Other Crack."

Middle school students hike through "The Other Crack."

I enjoyed the monthly visits to Vinalhaven, and I feel lucky to work for an organization that values these collaborations. Without the support of the School, Co-op, and Land Trust, we would not have had an opportunity to work with these students continually throughout the school year. These collaborations, while requiring time and energy to coalesce, have far-reaching potential. I look forward to seeing how the Hurricane community can continue to grow, and to see how we can be involved in communities beyond our 125 acre island.

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"YOHIO" (You Only Hurricane Once)? Or Not!

Guest blog post by Science Educator Dana Colihan

In 2012, YOLO, an acronym for “you only live once,” quickly emerged as a popular slang word amongst youth across the country. The term evokes the saying, “carpe diem,” seize the day, you only have one life so you might as well “go for it.”

Last summer working as a Science Education Intern, I noticed the Overland instructors using the term “YOHIO” with their campers. Overland is a outdoors summer camp for 4th-12th Graders that organizes different excursion trips around the world. During Overland’s Maine Coast Leadership Trip, campers come to Hurricane Island to learn about Leave No Trace principles and explore the island. “YOHIO” is “YOLO” with a Hurricane Island twist: You Only Hurricane Island Once. “YOHIO” was a great way to encourage campers and students to completely embrace their time on Hurricane Island. If a student is nervous about jumping off the pier or going rock climbing? YOHIO!

Two Expert Belayers

Two Expert Belayers

While I love the sentiment of “YOHIO,” in practice, it is hard to only Hurricane Island once. As many people know, once you have sat and watched the sunset from Gibbons Point, hiked the perimeter trail, crawled in the intertidal zone near Two Bush, or star gazed from the High Cliffs, you become hooked. While you might leave Hurricane, you find yourself called back to the island’s granite coast and salty shore. After leaving Hurricane Island last summer to finish my last year at Oberlin College, I knew I had to return to Hurricane Island. You can see this phenomenon in the numerous returning staff members, with open enrollment students that have signed up their third or fourth summer in a row, and with teachers and school programs who come back year after year.

This past week the Epiphany School returned to Hurricane Island for their third year. Epiphany is an independent, tuition free middle school in Boston that serves students from economically disadvantaged families. This year as a Science Educator, I had the privilege of working with 14 of Epiphany’s seventh graders going into eighth grade. We had a classic Hurricane Island experience: lobstering with Oakley, island research and scallops with Bailey, rock climbing with Sam, and much more.

My favorite activity with Epiphany was the raft challenge. The raft challenge is an team building and strategizing activity. After teaching students a few knots, we give them three plastic barrels, five piece of wood, and six pieces of rope to build a raft to boat across the ice pond. Initially, the Epiphany students were thoroughly unexcited and understandably so--the water is dark, dirty, and kind of gross. I tried to encourage students with, “YOHIO:” When else are you going to have the opportunity to try to build a raft to sail across a dirty pond? A couple students countered, Isn’t this your second year here? What if I want to come back next year?!

The Raft Challenge!

The Raft Challenge!

After working on their models for a good 30 minutes, the three groups picked up their products and confidently attempted to launch their rafts. Chaos quickly ensued, with barrels popping out of their wooden frames, rafts sinking, and students falling into the water. Every single student ended up getting into the water, splashing around, and screaming. During all of the raft challenges I had witnessed during my time at Hurricane Island, this was the biggest turn around and the most fun I have ever seen a group of students have.

As the Epiphany students pointed out to me, it is a bit of a misnomer for me to use the term “YOHIO.” However, the “go for it” spirit of “YOHIO” lives on, and the verdict is that it is not only okay, but also encouraged to return to Hurricane Island again, and again.  

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The Hurricane Island Experience...

Guest Blog Post by Science Educator Isabelle Holt

A tranquil Ice Pond after an evening hike to Sunset Rock belies the rambunctious activity it saw earlier that day with the raft challenge.

A tranquil Ice Pond after an evening hike to Sunset Rock belies the rambunctious activity it saw earlier that day with the raft challenge.

I dove right in to the beginning on my Hurricane Island experience as a Science Educator with my first ever program on Hurricane working with the 6th graders from Nobleboro and what an experience it was! Nobleboro was a special program for me as I got to learn about what it means to be on Hurricane Island along side the kids: from raft building, to island history, to how to “flush” a composting toilet and what it means to be a productive member of the Hurricane community.

While we had a jam packed couple of days full of fun activities, one particular highlight was getting to learn more about Hurricane’s scallop aquaculture research activities. I have always loved bivalves so having the chance to get my hands dirty with the kids by hauling up one of Hurricane’s lantern nets full of scallops of different sizes and helping students measure them was a dream come true. While the scallops on Hurricane are currently only used for research and education purposes, the data our research team is gathering will someday hopefully lead to the successful establishment of a commercial scallop fishery in the near future.

Students learn about the anatomy of lobsters and the lobster fishery in Maine while hauling up traps with Oakley.

Students learn about the anatomy of lobsters and the lobster fishery in Maine while hauling up traps with Oakley.

While the Nobleboro students were on the island we honed our powers of observation from the micro to the macro. Plankton tows yielded copepods and cnidarians galore that the sixth graders could sketch under the microscope. Exploration of the intertidal zone revealed a myriad of adaptations to wave action, salinity and temperature change. And lobstering showed how human activity impacts ecological balance within the gulf of Maine. While the students enjoyed observing the environment by which they were surrounded, it was a joy for me to observe them making their first strides as independent, critical thinkers. I cannot wait to see what the rest of the season brings as I continue to be a part of the Hurricane Island experience.

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Setting the tone for an awesome 2017 season

In the beginning of May, I moved out to Hurricane with my sleeping bag and some warm(!) clothes for my second season on the island. After packing up last October upon the season’s end, I had been itching to get back to Hurricane. I feel lucky to have been working for Hurricane in a year-round capacity since January, based at the Rockland office, but I had only been out to the island for a few day trips here and there. May meant the start of LIVING on Hurricane, the start of a six month season of teaching on Hurricane and sharing the place with students and visitors alike.  

Hurricane at the beginning of May was quiet. I can only imagine how peaceful it felt as our Facilities team of Sam, Oakley, and Silas started working out there in April. The isolation of the island began to shift by mid-May, when I began working with my first overnight school of the season: Cambridge School of Weston (CSW). CSW came to Hurricane for nine days of Marine Biology.

CSW students practice using transect tapes and quadrats in the intertidal zone. Photo courtesy of Scott Byrd.

CSW students practice using transect tapes and quadrats in the intertidal zone. Photo courtesy of Scott Byrd.

CSW teacher Marilyn Del Donno has brought students from the Boston-area school for four years. This year, the twelve students were all juniors and seniors in her Marine Biology course. She had done a lot of work with them in the classroom ahead of time, introducing them to marine organisms and key concepts. The goal for the nine days on Hurricane was for each student (or team of up to three) to design and carry out a research project, collecting and analyzing data, before presenting to the Hurricane community. After the trip, the students continued their work, writing formal reports of their studies.

The CSW group set the tone for an awesome 2017 season. The students were inquisitive and polite, studious, and open to new experiences. They brought an energy to the island that was contagious as two more schools, Gould Academy, and the Eaglebrook School, joined the Island community for the latter half of CSW’s stay. The Eaglebrook students, primarily 6th grade boys, attended part of CSW’s project presentations, learning about shell strength of different marine organisms (assessed, of course, by smashing weights on the shells!), and how these shells may be impacted by ocean acidification

Nereid worm spotted by CSW students during low tide.

Nereid worm spotted by CSW students during low tide.

In addition to investigating shell strength, CSW students investigated the effects of light and color on zooplankton, tracked the migration of periwinkles and dog whelks, and assessed biodiversity in high, mid, and low-disturbance areas of the intertidal zone. Their thoughtful question-asking and creative approaches to experimental design established a high standard for student projects this season.

I look forward to working with CSW again in 2018, and in the meantime, I hope to carry the positive energy and momentum of the CSW group into the rest of the 2017 season. Our summer interns just arrived on Sunday, and the heart of the season is fast approaching. Stay tuned!

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Really Cool Kelp

Ask any 6th or 7th grader from Northport’s Edna Drinkwater School, and they will likely tell you that kelp is pretty cool. How did these students get so psyched about seaweed? It started in September, when our Research Assistant, Bailey Moritz, unrolled a twelve foot long frond of kelp and told the students they would grow some of their own this year.

They began in the Northport classroom as Bailey guided them in setting up a kelp nursery using a fish tank. They used reproductive, or sorus, tissue of wild kelp to release single celled spores that would eventually grow into large fronds of kelp. By putting spools of string into the tank with the spores, the spores were able to attach to the string and start their growth process.

In October, the students brought their string (with the tiny kelp growing on it!) out to Hurricane Island to deploy it in Penobscot Bay for the winter. At our aquaculture site, we have two buoys delineating the ends of a horizontal, submerged rope on which we grow the kelp. The students wrapped the string, or spore line around the rope so that as the kelp grew, it would have a bigger surface onto which its holdfast could attach.

Learning about seaweed in the classroom prepared the students for their challenge for the field trip: design an experiment to conduct with their growing kelp line. The students wanted to determine how to maximize the amount of kelp grown in a given space, so they divided the submerged line in half, treating the two halves differently so they could compare the outcomes. On one half, they wrapped their spore line around the submerged rope once, which is standard practice in kelp aquaculture. On the second half of the line, they wrapped the spore line around the rope twice, with the second wrap on top of the first wrap, so the rope had twice as many kelp babies. Some students hypothesized that the double wrapped string would produce MORE kelp because it was starting with more babies in the same area. Other students hypothesized that the double wrapped string would produce LESS kelp because the babies would be too dense, competing for resources and preventing each other from growing as much.

Students measure water quality at the Hurricane Island dock

 

After the October field trip to Hurricane, the students would wait until the end of April to return and check on their kelp. In the meantime, their teacher, John Van Dis, tied kelp into their math and science curriculum, keeping the students busy and learning. They calculated food miles, or how far food travels before it reaches one’s plate, of their kelp compared to the foods in their lunch boxes. They tested recipes and products utilizing kelp, thinking about a potential market for the kelp they would harvest. They remade the popular board game “Settlers of Catan” into “Growers of Kelp,” emphasizing resources such as sun, sorus tissue, and permits needed to grow kelp in Maine. They were even filmed by the crew of the Ocean Frontiers III film, and were featured as movie stars in the premier at Belfast’s Colonial Theater (Click here for film). During the public discussion panel after the film, students were articulate in describing the role of kelp and its local “halo effect” for minimizing ocean acidification.

As Hurricane’s Science Educator, I enjoyed hearing about all the hard work that occurred during the year. I love to see how teachers can leverage the Hurricane Island partnership into a greater, longer-term classroom learning opportunity. The first field trip to Hurricane did not occur in isolation; it is a component of a year-long curricula with kelp as a focal point. The learning that occurred in the classroom throughout the year not only deepened the students’ interest in kelp and their project, it helped them get excited for another field trip to Hurricane in late April.

 

Northport students on Hurricane Island!

Northport students on Hurricane Island!

During the April Hurricane trip, students rotated through stations, recording data and harvesting kelp from both the single and double-wrapped sections of the kelp line. They measured the density of kelp on each line and harvested some to later measure frond length, width, and area from each condition. Students combined these data with water quality tests, assessing pH, nitrate levels, temperature, and turbidity. Preliminary data analysis suggests that the kelp fronds grew larger in the single-wrapped section of the kelp line.

After a long morning of focused work during the April field trip, the young Northport scientists took a hard-earned lunch break and enjoyed a perimeter hike of the Island. They saw remnants of Hurricane’s quarry town,  marveled at ocean views, and picked up marine trash along the way.

Upon returning to the main pier, the students were happy and tired, carrying coolers of their harvested kelp to measure in their Northport classroom. The Hurricane Team wishes them luck as they continue to analyze data and work on product development with their kelp!

Island exploration

Island exploration

 

This project would not have been possible without funding from Maine SeaGrant, in addition to the enthusiastic support of teacher John Van Dis, his school administration, and the greater Northport community.

 

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An Interview with Fred Poisson

Header image from Fred Poisson's Maine Series - see full image below

Guest blog post contributed by Social Media Manager Rachel Kimpton

During the warm months of summer, when our programs are in full swing, the island is constantly buzzing with an incredible variety of visitors. Students, educators, artists, scientists, entrepreneurs, activists, explorers, and so many others grace our shores and trails. Over the 2016 summer season, in addition to our 900+ program participants, the Hawai’i-based crew of the Hokule’a joined us for a few days after sailing across the Atlantic from Cape Town, South Africa; Celina Baines, a doctoral candidate from the University of Toronto, came to Hurricane in search of a particular type of water bug that survives in aquatic environments all over the continent; and John Connelly, who lives in Falmouth, ME and is the owner of Adventurous Joe coffee, stopped to rest on Hurricane during his 1,500 mile kayaking journey.

Among this swath of visitors was Fred Poisson, a painter whose home base is Block Island, no farther than 15 miles off the coast of Rhode Island. We shared a few brief but delightful conversations over meals during his short stay on Hurricane. Fred grew up in a brackish cove in Essex, Connecticut, maintaining a close relationship with nature throughout his life. He received his BFA in Painting from the Rhode Island School of Design and has mastered the art of watercolor painting over the years. When I first saw Fred’s paintings, I couldn’t believe they were paintings at all - I was convinced they were photographs! In a magical configuration of pigment, water, and physics, Fred draws you into his work by jogging your memory and bringing you back to a place for which you long to return. His paintings capture the way light reflects, the moment when water pauses immediately before completing the motion of a wave, the brief instance at sunset when the sky and clouds are illuminated with pink shortly after the sun has disappeared beyond the horizon…

I’m not one to long for summer. After all, one of my favorite moments is the unparalleled quiet that blankets the world during a gentle snowfall. However, Fred’s paintings of Maine brought me back to those warm and busy days on the island, especially in our current times of biting cold. Thus, in the spirit of summer, I recently reached out to Fred to continue some of those conversations we had several months ago.

Maine Series - Hurricane Island - Fred Poisson

When did you first become interested in landscape paintings, both as a subject and for your own paintings?
Probably high school or college, but I didn't do much of it until I was in my thirties. I studied painting in college. After college onward for many years, I did design work, then I got back into painting full time starting at 40. I'm 47 now. There was a brief period in my 30's where I picked up watercolors and made small paintings. That period was what led me to go back to it full time.

Maine Series - Rockland Birch Branch State Park - Fred Poisson

In many of your paintings, you include water in some form, whether it is bodies of water or snow or ice. You also work with water to make your paintings. What is the relationship between working with the same medium that is your subject?
It makes me happy that you see that! Looking back it seems water has been in my work since college. Working in a water based medium I think lends to capturing that element. I've always lived near water. I've always enjoyed being on and getting into water. It's a part of me. It's so dynamic.

You’re working with something very fluid to capture a moment that exists for only a split second. With this in mind, what does your process look like for making a painting?
Well, it's starts with a feeling. I never start out, “Now I'm going to paint this or that.” I have to have a strong feeling for something and that usually comes from being outside. Swimming, hiking, whatever it is I'm doing. Something along the way catches my eye or hits me headlong. No telling really. I've swam for years around the same rock and just last year made a series of how the water moves around it. As I studied it, I realized its positioning, shape, the way the bottom comes up causes the water to swirl in ways it simply doesn't around other rocks. The way the swell lines compress around it. I've looked at hundreds of other rocks since and haven't seen the same dynamic.

Maine Series - Rockland - Fred Poisson

With landscape painting, one has a very real and physical relationship with that space, which is what you are describing. Does that relationship affect your painting or interpretation of that place?
Definitely. There's an intimacy. I really enjoyed painting Maine this fall but I don't have the same relationship as I do with Block Island. That said, the newness was interesting and energizing. Like meeting an interesting person for the first time.

We had a very brief conversation about the relationship between art and science. How do you view the two disciplines?
Related. Some would say Cezanne's approach to painting predates Einstein's theory of relativity. Quantified differently but going at the same principle. My first mentor in art was a Swiss artist who had studied all the sciences as well. Went to med school, even.

Do you think art and science assist or complement each other?
I think the element of observation is critical to both. They both attempt to bring understanding to the world around us through that action.

Maine Series - Fred Poisson

I also think about the use of art as a tool for critical inquiry, especially within scientific disciplines. There are many ways we can "see" something, as well as ways to go about asking questions and making discoveries.
Right, and learning to look and investigate critically from a variety of perspectives.

I think your paintings, for me, communicate the ways you see and engage with water to your viewer.
It's back to having a feeling first then the idea comes about.

Do you have any dream destinations or places that you would like to paint?
I do, but I don’t want to give the idea away!
******

This interview has been edited and condensed. The images included in this post are provided courtesy of the artist and are from his Maine series completed during his visit late last summer. I highly encourage you to view more of Fred’s work on his Instagram or his website.

 

 

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Notes of a Field Research Scientist: My Scallop Story

In the mid-1970s, I was a scallop diver in and around North Haven and Vinalhaven. It was cold, exhausting, but ultimately rewarding work. One snowy December day, my partner and I managed to gather and shuck 104 lbs of delicious Penobscot Bay scallops that netted over $400, my best “catch” ever. But over the years, scallops became harder and harder to find. On good days, we were lucky to get 20 lbs. We dove less and less frequently because it wasn’t worth the time and effort.

Finally, I stopped scalloping altogether to focus on teaching, and then watched over the years as the scallop catch continued to decline and local fishermen, mostly draggers, turned to other fisheries. Many gave up their licenses. Eventually the season was shortened, catches limited, and areas closed – all in an effort to allow the scallop fishery to recover. Scallop licenses were frozen by the State, and today, many former scallop fishermen and fisherwomen can no longer legally catch scallops.

Yet, the hope is that scallops will again become an important part of the Maine fishing economy, especially with the prospect of a potential decline in the lobster catch as ocean temperatures warm and lobsters migrate north and east in the Gulf of Maine. What might take lobsters’ place? Could it be that delicious Maine scallops could at least supplement lobsters for Maine’s fishing communities?

Last month, I had a chance to accompany two of our scientists, Cait Cleaver and Phoebe Jekielek, out to Hurricane to check on our scallop aquaculture research sites in the anchorage there. Cait has been working for four years with the DMR and Muscle Ridge scallop draggers to find ways to restore the local fishery. Recently, she decided that we should consider growing scallops rather than just dragging for them in the wild.

It was a bitterly cold and breezy late fall morning, gray and overcast with snow in the forecast. We have several research scallop lines in the Hurricane anchorage, each with a frame carrying six trays of about 100 juvenile scallops. The frames sit on the bottom in about 30’ of water. Ten scallops in each tray have a numbered tag glued to their shells. Our task was to find and measure with a micrometer the ten tagged scallops in each tray, and then ten randomly selected scallops. We had to record the data – shell height (size), date, time, and water temperature - on pre-printed forms to be entered and compared with the previous month’s growth measurements. The scallops were then returned to their trays which were re-loaded into the frame and returned to the depths for another month.

The process took about three hours, dipping our bare hands into 44 degree seawater, picking out the scallops, carefully measuring them to hundredths of a centimeter, and writing down the information with a pencil held with frozen fingers. In 23 degree cold, sitting on a crate in the open stern of our boat, with little protection from the wind, it was a numbing experience. Remarkably, though, spirits remained high throughout, with hardly a complaint about the cold. There was a job to be done, the work of a field research scientist, and it had to be done with care and precision that couldn’t be compromised by haste or carelessness. We became so engrossed in our work that we hardly noticed the cold. Our conversation was about using our instruments, scallop size and growth, how scallops needed space and didn’t liked to be piled up like oysters, and of the Japanese technique of ‘ear hanging’ rather than using trays to grow scallops.

As a diver, I knew little about scallops except where I could find them, diving along the edges of the dragged areas and the rocky bottom where the draggers couldn’t go. I never gave much consideration to how fast they grew, what conditions were necessary for them to grow, or what might threaten their growth or survival. In spite of the evidence of their decline due to over-fishing, I assumed they’d recover somehow and always be around, part of the normal cycle of abundance and scarcity to which fisherman for centuries were accustomed (or resigned).

I had never been much of a science student in school. My experience with lectures and labs, and textbooks with terms in Latin, left me cold. My grades were poor. I had no interest or inclination to pursue a career in science. Yet, in the field, my interest was piqued, heightened. With a particular assignment to observe or gather or investigate, I viewed science entirely differently. That was my experience as a school principal who assisted occasionally the biology or geology teacher with a group assignment outdoors. That was my experience, too, measuring scallops on that cold day last month. Suddenly, I was interested in scallops as a species. I wanted to know more about various ways of growing scallops, about how and why scallops thrived in certain conditions and not others, about the economics and politics of scallop harvesting, and about what could be done to preserve and even grow the scallop fishery to help Maine’s maritime economy. For that brief moment, I became a field research scientist, and discovered I loved it. 

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